Housed first in the premises of the former hospital Charitains, the first museum in Clermont-Ferrand, whose project is under consideration in 1822, is transferred to the museum walls Bargoin, to be inaugurated in 1903. The collections cover then the fields of painting, sculpture, archeology and ethnography. The archaeological mission from the beginning, very strong, with many discoveries that matter, even today, among the most spectacular collections presented. The Paleolithic is evoked by the habitat of Magdalenian Blanzat (1888) and the Neolithic, the site Cébazat (1885). The Early History, with the treasure of Manson, is present from 1873 and the wealth of the Gallo-Roman period by the excavations of Martres-de-Veyre (1851 and 1893) and those of the temple of Mercury at the top of the Puy de Dôme (1875 to 1906). The twentieth century saw the enrichment of its collections from many archaeological excavations in the city or suburbs, the most important discovery of the remaining source rocks in Auvergne and 10,000 fragments of votive offerings in wood , dated the 1st century AD added acquisitions that finally turn to the exceptional witnesses of our past, as the gold stater of Vercingetorix entered the collection in 1997.